Law -LL.B. (Hons)

This course introduces students to the study of law and equips them with the basic skills that are relevant to the study of law. Students will be introduced to sources of legal information and will use databases to develop their research and information retrieval skills.This module will also introduce students to the skills that are necessary for effective learning.

The aim of this module is to give students a thorough introduction to the sources of law in the Irish Legal System and establish a framework within which they can appreciate the operation of the sources of law in the various law subjects in their programme.

The aim of this module is to introduce students to the general principles of Tort Law and the key concepts and theoretical underpinnings. Students will gain an appreciation for the breadth of causes of action encompassed by the term Tort Law. They will discuss the development of the Law of Torts in broad outline. They will develop an awareness of the broader context in which the law has developed and the theories justifying the development of fault based liability, intentional liability, secondary liability, and strict liability. Students will demonstrate a knowledge of the development of the principles of negligence and its limitations, as well as an awareness of the rationale and policy considerations behind it. In doing so students will develop core competencies required for legal practice in the area of Tort Law.

This module aims to give students an understanding of the operation of the rules of contract law. Students will be introduced to the essential elements of an enforceable contract, offer, acceptance, consideration and intention to create legal relations. Students will gain an understanding of the terms and conditions included in a contract and their relevance to the enforceability of a contract. Students will also be introduced to the legal concepts of illegality, restraints of trade, misrepresentation, mistake, performance, discharge and frustration.

Most technology and law modules explain how the law regulates technology. This module does the converse – it considers how technology is changing the practice of law, and in some cases the nature of law and justice itself. The fourth industrial revolution is re-engineering the future of work and life, and neither the legal profession nor the law itself are immune from the march of progress. How legal professionals communicate, do business and work are all impacted as are various substantive areas of law like contract law. The practice of law is changing as are the roles available in the legal industry and artificial intelligence is fundamentally changing the requirements of customers and employers. This module aims to give students an overview of the changing legal landscape to prepare them for what lies ahead in their future professional lives.

Microeconomics studies individual choice, consumers and firms being the subjects of this choice. The purpose of this module is to develop an understanding of the behaviour and actions of individual agents in the economy. This module aims to introduce students to the core principles and terminology of microeconomics and its role in business. Students will develop a range of economic analytical skills including numerical, graphical and modelling methods that can be applied in a variety of business careers. These skills will also provide students with a foundation for future economic modules within the programme.

This module will provide students with an introduction to Spanish and to the culture of the countries in which it is spoken.

This module will provide students with an introduction to French and to the culture of the countries in which it is spoken. It broadly corresponds to Level A1 on the CEFR.

This module aims to give students a thorough introduction to the structures for adjudication of disputes and the specific professional roles in the Irish Legal System.

Students will have been introduced to the basic principles in Tort Law 1 and the aim of this module is to build on the students knowledge and understanding of Tort Law. This module will focus on various stand-alone torts and students will be introduced to the concepts and principles of Tort liability. This module will also contribute to the development of the student’s skills in legal analysis and problem-solving as well as research and reasoning skills. Students will acquire a strong working knowledge of the functions and operation of Tort Law in modern society.

The Contract Law II module aims to give students knowledge and understanding of the operation of the rules of contract law and builds on the knowledge and understanding acquired in Contract Law I. Students will be introduced to the legal concepts of implied terms in consumer contracts, contractual damages, and the equitable remedies which apply to contracts such as rescission, specific performance, rectification, undue influence and estoppel.

In the midst of the fourth industrial revolution, technology is drastically altering the face of legal practice and the business of legal advice, eliminating old roles and creating new ones. Students will gain a detailed understanding of the different technological developments relevant to modern law practice, and future trends in legal technology. They will be introduced to the practicalities of constructing legal tech solutions and get an in-depth look at how legal technologies function. This module builds upon the foundational knowledge offered in Legal Technology I, and dives deeper into the substantive, ethical, and regulatory implications of digital transformation in law. The course will aim to draw on the experience of technology lawyers from Ireland and abroad and to expose students to practical experience of the relevant material.

The Computer Applications module is integral to preparing the student in their transition to third level and to equip them with the IT skills necessary to complete assignments for modules in their discipline. The development of IT skills enables the student to progress successfully through university and subsequently in their working lives. This module will introduce the student to the practical elements of Information Technology and file management. Together with instruction in the use and application of Microsoft Applications software, this ensures the student is competently prepared to produce business documents, reports, presentations, spreadsheets and emails. Proficiency in the use of internationally recognised software will provide opportunities for the student to work across sectors, multi-nationals and globally. It is also possible to facilitate accreditation in Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS) to further internationalize their skillset. The student will be equipped to collaborate and work remotely through the use of an on-line video conferencing platform. An appreciation of working in a paperless environment will be fostered throughout the delivery of the module.

Macroeconomics is concerned with the operation of the economy as a whole where we deal with aggregate variables. Arising out of this study is an appreciation of policy issues. This module aims to introduce students to the core principles and terminology of macroeconomics and its role in business. Students will develop a range of economic analytical skills using numerical, graphical and modelling methods. By applying core economic principles through case studies and business scenarios, students will develop skills that can be applied in a variety of modern business careers. By applying core economic principles through case studies and business scenarios, students will develop skills that can be applied in both future academic research and contemporary business careers. This module will provide students with a foundation to undertake study and research in further economic modules at level 7 and 8, here in TUS and/or as ERASMUS and RUN EU students.

The module is designed to introduce students to innovation and entrepreneurs’ thinking and action, with a particular focus on the process and issues involved in a new venture creation in this context the setting up of a legal / business practice, i.e. innovation in professional practice. The module will discuss the main concepts and techniques applicable when developing a business plan and a new venture. This involves identifying opportunities and testing them to achieve a fit between product or service and market, and growing a business to realise these opportunities. Specific topics covered during the module in relation to new venture creation include identifying unmet needs and hidden frustrations, and being able to approach these in sustainable ways as an entrepreneur and / or business person or as an innovative employee within an established organisation. Ethical decision-making will be emphasized throughout this set up journey, through a variety of tasks, students will be encouraged to explore and engage their own entrepreneurial abilities.

This module will provide students with the practical language and other relevant skills they need to survive when travelling in countries where Spanish is spoken.

This module will provide students with the practical language and other relevant skills they need to survive when travelling in countries where French is spoken. It broadly corresponds to Level A1 on the CEFR.

This module will begin with the origins of the European Union and the development of the institutions of the European Union. Students will develop an appreciation of the history and operation of European Law and the relationship between European Union Law and national law. Students will be able to identify the constitutional law of the European Union and the ways in which laws are made. This module will involve analysis of the institutions of the EU, the sources of law and the jurisdiction of the EU.

The overall aim of this course is to give students an appreciation of the major provisions of Bunreacht na hÉireann 1937 and of their effect on other areas of law. The module focuses on the impact of the Constitution upon the Irish State and its institutions and on fundamental constitutional rights and the case law concerning those rights. The Constitutional 1 module seeks to provide an introduction to the historical and conceptual origins of the Constitution of Ireland 1937, and introduce students to the doctrine of separation of powers focusing on the principal roles and functions of the legislature, judiciary, and executive organs of the State, and the principles governing constitutional litigation, interpretation and amendment.

The aim of this module is to allow students to develop applied legal research, interpersonal and communication skills. This will be achieved through practical application in tasks designed to reflect, in an authentic way, the demands of legal practice. Students will learn the role of advocacy in various settings, the theory of advocacy, observe advocacy, and apply both their research and advocacy skills in a practical context. Preparation of written and oral legal argument based on real life case studies will be an integral part of the module. Students will develop client-facing skills and professional manner through role play. Students will learn to apply professional conduct, ethics, and Data Protection rules in practical contexts.

This module aims to provide an understanding of elementary financial accounting. It introduces the learner to the concepts and principles of financial accounting. Learners undertake reconciliation of accounts, which is often one of the first activities assigned to business graduates in accounting or finance roles. Learners also undertake double entry bookkeeping and prepare a Trial Balance. Finally, learners will prepare an Income Statement and a Statement of Financial Position for a sole trader.

Environmental law is a cross-cutting field that has implications for everybody, as everyone is affected by the environment. In particular, businesses of all kinds must be conscious of both their legal compliance obligations and the importance of “green” credentials in the modern business context. Businesses will have a range of compliance needs from planning and licencing of projects that can pose a potential danger to the public or environment, maintenance of ongoing licence compliance obligations, procurements and product safety and green business ethics, environmental health and safety obligations for employees and visitors to the workplace, and the corporate governance aspects of environmental compliance. Environmental compliance knowledge and implementation is a must in the workplace. This first of two modules will introduce students to the elements of the environmental regulatory system in Ireland with an overview of the role of the regulatory agencies and decision-making bodies including the European Environment Agency, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Health and Safety Authority, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, an Bord Pleanála (Irish Planning Board), the Irish and EU Courts, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Aquaculture Licences Appeals Board, etc. The influence of EU law and International law on the development of Irish law will be appraised. Why and how environmental issues are regulated will be explored.

This module introduces students to the core principles of Human Rights Law. The purpose of this course is to give the students a thorough understanding of the foundations and development of international human rights law. It considers the historical, philosophical and legal context of the current human rights framework and analyses the international and regional instruments and mechanisms for monitoring and enforcing human rights.

The module introduces students to the sources, concepts and regulatory framework of the core elements of the family in Irish law. In particular, there is an examination of the definition of the family and an exploration of the protections available to the different family forms, including the rights of the individual family members.

The aim of the module is to provide students with an understanding of how management practice and human behaviour in organisational settings can contribute to the success of an organisation.

This module will develop students’ Spanish language skills and cultural awareness in preparation for their work in Spanish-speaking countries.

This module will develop students’ French language skills and cultural awareness in preparation for their work in French-speaking countries.

This module aims to introduce students to the real-life marketing opportunities and challenges faced by practitioners within the legal world of practice. It aims to equip students with key marketing skills and tools to effectively promote legal firms and their professional services.

Students will already have been introduced to the fundamentals of European Union Law in EU Law I and this module aims to strengthen and develop students knowledge of EU Law. Students will develop an appreciation of the four fundamental freedoms of the European Union (Workers, Goods, Capital and Services) and will gain understanding of the content and effect of EU competition law. Students will be introduced to the concepts and rights attaching to EU Citizenship and fundamental human rights within the EU.

This module aims to develop knowledge and skills relating to the core areas of income tax, value added tax and capital gains tax which impact on individuals and business.

Computer Applications in Legal Studies refers to the use of technology to provide legal services and support to the legal profession. Students are introduced to and given directed hands-on experience of the more advanced features of a popular spreadsheet package applicable to the business and legal environments. The module builds on and further develops techniques introduced in Year 1. The module introduces students to the latest technologies and their application in Business and the Legal Environment, both locally and internationally. Students will be encouraged to support each other and pool resources throughout the learning process. Students may be given the opportunity to achieve Microsoft Office Certification in Microsoft Excel, in the form of Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS)

The Constitutional Law II module seeks to instruct the student on the nature and theory of constitutional rights and introduce discussion of select constitutional guarantees including fundamental rights relating to the unborn, the family, equality, education, property, religion, expression and personal liberty, as well as the range of remedies available to litigants, discretionary power in decision-making and its control, legitimate expectations, legal error and appellate review and licensing.

This module should enable the student to acquire an understanding of the importance of effective human resource management to the success of an organisation. It will also familiarise the student with the core activities of a HR function and it will enable the student to apply the theory and knowledge gained to real situations.

Environmental law is a broad and dynamic field, requiring a cross-disciplinary research skill-set and an ability to research complex technical legislation quickly and accurately. This module aims to build on the skills and knowledge gained in Environmental Law and Compliance I to refine the ability of students to tackle cross-cutting environmental compliance problems in the main areas arising in practice such as planning law, licensing, regulatory compliance with the EPA and HSA, and workplace safety Law. While module one in the first semester emphasises the development of research skills and the underlying framework and principles, module two focuses on practical application of environmental research skills to a variety of real life problem scenarios, as well as contact with compliance professionals who will explain the application of the law in day to day business environments.

The Human Rights II module aims to build on the knowledge and understanding acquired in the Human Rights I module. The focus of the module will be on International Humanitarian Law and International Criminal Law together with Refugee Law. The module will also incorporate an analysis of contemporary issues in human rights law.

The aim of the course is to examine the law relating to family disputes and the law relating to children in Irish family law.

Climate change is both a global and local issue, encompassing a complex range of interacting factors and actors across a vast array of policy areas. It represents an existential threat that generates huge uncertainty and anxiety for both society and business communities. It is the context for many of the disruptions to the fabric of social and business life that are occurring and expected to occur. As such it is the major existential challenge of the future, and being able to engage articulately with the various debates and understand the underpinnings and rationales for different approaches to legal problem-solving of climate issues is an essential element of commercial awareness for any emerging graduate today. This module will attempt to provide students with an overview of the theories of climate change, the evidence base for the policy actions, and coverage of the major international, EU, national, regional and grassroots level approaches to climate change, and an ability to evaluate the usefulness of these, while understanding the dynamics of influence between the layers of the multi-level governance system, from local to global and vice versa. This module highlights certain issues within the climate law context including the latest developments including COP negotiations, the scholarly and policy literature, and analysing these issues in the context of the framework of international and transnational law. This module aims to enable students to appraise the dynamic, complex multilevel governance systems within which climate and energy regulation take place, as well as to develop a broader understanding of the critical social and scientific contexts within which these laws and policies operate, so that students can competently discuss, deconstruct and advocate on a range of issues relevant to climate law.

This module will develop students’ Spanish language skills and cultural awareness so that they can communicate in formal and informal interactions in Spanish-speaking countries.

This module will develop students’ French language skills and cultural awareness so that they can communicate in formal and informal interactions in French-speaking countries. It broadly corresponds to Level A2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR).

The aim of this syllabus is to provide the student with a comprehensive knowledge and understanding of Irish Criminal Law.

This module deals with the manner in which company law is regulated, administered and enforced and aims to enable students to apply legal concepts and relevant mandatory statutory rules and case law to a range of legal issues confronted in the operation, governance and dissolution of the private limited company.

The aim of this module is to prepare learners for the employment experience by developing their professional awareness and self-evaluation/reflection skills, as well as preparing them for common workplace issues and challenges. Work placement affords learners the opportunity to apply their knowledge and learning in a real-world work environment, enhancing their professional and personal development. It also gives learners insight into work practices and enables them to identify potential employment opportunities.

This module will introduce learners to the rules governing the introduction of evidence applicable in the Irish Courts. Critical topics include: basic concepts of evidence, functions of the judge and jury, admissibility, relevance, corroboration, rule against hearsay, character evidence, opinion evidence and privilege.

This module equips students with the language skills to communicate with greater confidence and increase their awareness of the business culture in countries where Spanish is spoken in preparation for their placement in Semester 2.

This module equips students with the language skills to communicate with greater confidence and increase their awareness of the business culture in countries where French is spoken in preparation for their placement in Semester 2. It broadly corresponds to Level B1 on the CEFR.

The learner will undertake a relevant work placement of 20 weeks. The placement programme will familiarise the student with work practises and procedures and provide him/her with the opportunity to observe the practical application of theoretical knowledge gained on his/her programme. The placement is supported by a member of academic staff and with a workplace mentor. The aim of the work placement is to introduce the learner to structured employment in a relevant work sector and to develop in the learner an understanding of the organisation, its procedures, processes and technology. This module will allow the student to develop further their professional skills, extend their links with the legal profession and will give them a comprehensive experience of the working environment. Placement will be assessed through a combination of reporting methods.

This course introduces students to the historical antecedents and foundational principles of Irish Land Law, the nature of ownership rights, the role of Equity, and systems of land registration. Upon completion students will have an appreciation of the foundational concepts, historical origins, social objectives and practical importance of Land Law.

Students will develop an understanding and appreciation of the principles of modern Equity, as well as those aspects of the historical development of equity as are necessary to understand the modern law. The module will examine the equitable maxims and the discretionary nature of equitable remedies such as rescission, rectification, undue influence, injunctions, equitable estoppel and specific performance.

This module introduces students to methods of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) focusing in particular on negotiation, mediation and arbitration. In addition to outlining the theory and uses of each form of ADR, students will participate in mock dispute resolution processes where research of practical scenarios is required and use of national and international best practice evidenced.

To critically assess the manner in which employment law is regulated, administered and enforced and to enable students to assess legal principles governing protection of employee rights and apply legal reasoning to a range of issues confronted in employment.

The purpose of this module is to give students a thorough understanding of the fundamental principles of Administrative law in Ireland. Students will learn about the ways in which the Executive mediates State power to the individual and the importance of checks and balances on that exercise of State power, fair procedures in decision making, the accountability of State and Public bodies through Judicial Review, and the rules surrounding Judicial Review such as locus standi and irrationality

This module explores the dichotomy that is white collar crime, between the aura of respectability associated with high status individuals and their relationship with corporate and white collar wrongdoing. This course examines the boundaries between criminal and non – criminal wrongdoing, and the ethical scenarios that ensue. It focuses on how respectable people participate in criminal outcomes, and how prosecutors face serious challenges prosecuting these criminal outcomes in this area of the law. Key areas of interest include : investigation, trial and punishment, compliance and sanctioning models of corporate enforcement, corporate criminal liability and individual responsibility and regulatory responses as indicators of social change.

This module aims to give students a grounding in the theory of customs law and international trade as well as an overview of the more practical issues relevant to trading in Ireland post-Brexit. This will include a review of WTO law and aspects of European Union Customs Law and Regulations that govern International Trade. Students will review of the role, functions and current challenges related to Customs in an era of globalisation, having regard for the aims and functions of key influencers e.g. The World Trade Organisation (WTO),The World Customs Organisation (WCO) and trading alliances such as the Single Market, exploring how customs policies facilitate and interact with global trade while still meeting their enhanced objectives. They will also examine the customs and regulatory environment created by the Withdrawal Agreement and Trade and Co-operation Agreement between the UK and EU and the Northern Ireland Protocol.

The purpose of this module is to build on previous company law knowledge to enable students to gain insight into the application of company law rules specifically concentrating on advanced corporate governance in the real world, and to gain the skills necessary for the application of those rules and theories in a corporate setting. The module will cover both the legal and regulatory environment and how it relates to the market infrastructures which apply in Ireland and the broader EU. The focus will be on how decisions are made in companies within the regulatory framework, and ensuring that ethical decisions are made by directors in the interests of all stakeholders and shareholders. The student on completion of the module will understand the evolution of corporate governance and its importance to companies and the wider community of stakeholders.

This module aims to develop knowledge and skills relating to the law and practice of taxation applicable to individuals and limited liability companies.

The module consolidates the students’ existing language skills and knowledge of the culture of Spanish-speaking countries with particular emphasis on preparing students to communicate effectively in an international business environment.

The module consolidates the students’ existing language skills and knowledge of the culture of French-speaking countries with particular emphasis on preparing students to communicate effectively in an international business environment. It broadly corresponds to Level B2 on the CEFR.

This module builds upon Land Law I and how to address specific property rights and interests, how they arise, their nature and content and how they can be extinguished and alienated. Upon completion students should be able to identify and evaluate the various property interests arising under Irish Property Law.

Students will develop an understanding and appreciation of the principles of Irish Trust law.This module will examine the rules relating to the creation and administration of trusts as well the various types of Trusts which can be created. The module will take into consideration the leading Irish and English cases and authorities in the area of Trust law as well as the application of the principles in other common law jurisdictions. The module will also consider the personal and proprietary remedies for breach of trust in particular the doctrine of tracing.

This module will enable students to explore some key concepts, rules and functions of data protection law and practice. This course aims to provide students with a comprehensive and practical grounding in the changing framework for data protection law and practice, knowledge of which will be essential for almost all businesses and public and private entities in the State. The module will include fundamental rules in relation to the role of data controllers, data processors, the lawfulness of processing and the rights of the data subject aswell as the oversight and enforcement of the law.

This module aims to introduce participants to the key concepts involved in business research and to develop their understanding of the uses and relevance of the major methodologies employed. The material covered in this module will form the basis for the completion of further research at level 9.

The purpose of this module is to equip students to critically engage with fundamental questions around the rule of law and to critique laws and legal systems from a variety of frameworks and paradigms. This module will examine the role of law in shaping society and different approaches around how law can or should meet the needs of various actors in society as well as the theoretical rationales underpinning this. Students will examine the relationship between jurisprudential theory, politics, the legislative process and judicial interpretation. Students will gain an understanding of the Rule of Law and different theoretical justifications for law making. Students will engage with a broad range of modern schools of jurisprudential thought such as post-modernism, feminism and intersectionality, as well as concepts like majoritarianism, individualism and democratic legitimacy. Students will be expected to evaluate current laws by reference to these principles and to engage in creative dialogue around the legitimacy of aspects of the Irish Legal System. In doing so students will learn how to demonstrate the skills of logic and argument building.

Every business operating today utilises online and digital systems, usually as integral components of the business model, from data compilation, storage and analysis, communication with stakeholders and clients, marketing, ordering and purchasing, interacting with customers. In order to avoid the business being compromised by the threat of external intrusions and the risk of data loss, it is vital that every employee from top to bottom has an understanding of cybersecurity basics. The aim of this module is to ensure students are workplace ready for dealing with the challenges and threats arising from the online world, and in a position to assess their own or their employers needs in this regard, and how to address those needs, as well as to factor this type of risk into business and scenario planning.

This course introduces students to the principal concepts of Intellectual Property Law in the Irish context, focusing on the protection of intellectual property through the doctrines of copyright, design, trademark and patent law.

This module will introduce students to the international law governance mechanisms regulating countries relationships with each other and how disputes between them are resolved. It will deals with the role of the UN, other international organisations and international dispute resolution mechanisms. The main objective of the course is to provide students with an overview of the fundamental notions and methodology of public international law. Through this module students will become familiar with the principal elements of the international law system, and also develop the ability to evaluate this system in the context of the political factors that influence the application of the law in different disputes. This module takes an active learning, student centred approach which focusses on developing students critical thinking through discussion, debate and application of the substantive subject matter. It will also emphasise independent learning and constructing/deconstructing arguments.

Private International Law (often referred to as Conflicts of Law) is the body of rules whose purpose is to assist national courts in deciding whether to hear a case with an international element. This module will aim to give students a thorough understanding of the three main elements of private international law: (1) the jurisdiction of the Irish Courts (whether the Irish Court is competent and the correct forum to hear the dispute); (2) the selection of the appropriate rules of a system of law, Irish or European or International, which it is to apply in deciding a case before it (choice of law); (3) the recognition and enforcement of judgments given by foreign courts. Students on this module will explore the main EU Regulations (including the Brussels I Recast Regulation and the Rome I and Rome II Regulations), alongside common law conflict of laws doctrine and relevant international conventions in the areas of tort, contracts and commercial litigation

The module consolidates the students’ existing language skills and knowledge of the culture of Spanish-speaking countries with particular emphasis on preparing students to communicate effectively in an international business environment.

The module consolidates the students’ existing language skills and knowledge of the culture of French-speaking countries with particular emphasis on preparing students to communicate effectively in an international business environment. It broadly corresponds to Level B2 on the CEFR.